Jungle Room Part Three: Wrapping up the story, and a legacy

This entry is post 21 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

Isabel Cooper and the Jungle Room A three-part sub-series on the guest room that Isabel Cooper painted for Dorothy Putnam in 1925

Painting murals was soon to become another professional skill and means of income for Isabel Cooper. It’s tempting to give credit to Dorothy Putnam and Eleanor the Snake for this. But even before she completed the Jungle Room at Dorothy’s Rye, New York house, Isabel was hearing from the head of the American Museum of Natural History, Henry Fairfield Osborn, whom she called “the dear old president of the American Museum.” Isabel wrote Charles Mahaffie that Osborn had asked her to “go abroad and study mural painting and do some of the walls of the new buildings of the museum…”1)Letter IC to CDM, July 22, 1925.

She continued, “it doesn’t seem any good for me to say that I don’t feel properly talented for such an enterprise.” Before long, Osborn got her to paint the murals, though she did not go first abroad to study mural painting.2)Letter IC to CDM, July 22, 1925.

The following year, she became a mural painter for commissions won by muralist Ezra Winter, for several prominent public buildings, including the Birmingham, Alabama central library and Cornell University’s student union. For more on her work with Ezra Winter, see this post.

A coda for Eleanor, the Jungle Room, and the Rye Putnam mansion

A house, likely with at least some of the bones of the 1925 Putnam home, still stands at 349 Locust Avenue, in Rye.3)Paul Hicks, “Amelia Earhart’s Time in Rye, Part II,” Rye Record, November 12, 2024, https://ryerecord.com/amelia-earharts-rye-part-ii/

That house today is worth, according to realty websites, almost five million dollars.4)Redfin.com estimated value, June 2026. But it no longer includes the Jungle Room and Undersea Room.

I have found no further record of the decorative painting work by Cooper and Donald Blanding in the Rye house. Likely, Isabel and Donald’s murals are long gone, painted over, or lost to removed and relocated walls.

More on what became of the Putnam Rye house and the two painted rooms may be found here.

Isabel Cooper’s retirement from paid art

Marrying Charles Mahaffie in August 1928 (more on Charles is found here.) led to Isabel no longer doing artistic work for pay. And she made a complete retirement of it. She was 36 years old, and would be moving to Washington, DC. For a short time, she completed promised illustration work for the Encyclopedia Britannica, but she took no more gigs.

She would now have a wholly different life. Isabel embraced the change. She swapped exploration for engaging with DC society, the wife of a government official. She made, in her way, an adventure of that.

Isabel’s Legacy as an artist and a mythologized forebear

Isabel Cooper Mahaffie died in January 1984 at 93 years. She had, at the time, 7 grandchildren and four great grandchildren. (She now has seventeen great grandchildren and two great great grandchildren.) Many of her seven grandchildren spent time with her and remember her wit, intelligence, stories, and style. A grand niece likewise remembers her well, having made of Isabel a mentor as she came of age in the 1970s.

Only a few of us still remember her vividly. But for all of her descendants, she is an iconic figure, with stories, paintings, shared memories, and images worthy of becoming, for some, tattooed body art.

We owe her thanks for urging all of us on to our enthusiasms, to take on life, to adventure, to go places. Her legacy in all that is powerful and will continue.

Isabel’s scientific art was so distinctive that at least one of her grandchildren and four of her great grandchildren have versions of it in tattoos. I think she would find this delightful and hysterical.

Forearm tattoo of a from based on an illustration by Isabel Cooper, 1920s
A great granddaughter’s tattoo honors Isabel Cooper’s art (2023)5)Photo courtesy of Skye Mahaffie

For a complete list of posts on this site about Isabel Cooper, see the series here.

References[+]

Jungle Room Part Two: “Painting up Dorothy’s House”

This entry is post 20 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

A three-part sub-series on the guest room that Isabel Cooper painted for Dorothy Putnam in 1925

In the late winter and into the spring of 1925, Isabel Cooper was committed to travel as a staff artist on naturalist William Beebe’s Arcturus Expedition. (Stories from that expedition are earlier in the series on Isabel Cooper on this website. See: here, for more.)

Isabel’s friend Dorothy Putnam joined for part of the Arcturus Expedition as it reached the Panama Canal Zone. The two had time together at leisure when the Arcturus readied for its onward in the Canal Zone. Dorothy had already gotten Isabel to agree to paint a Jungle Room in her new house.

It is likely that in their time together on the expedition, they further discussed the Jungle Room. The passage below creates what a conversation like that could have been like.

__________

Cristóbal, Panama Canal Zone, March 27, 1925

Isabel and Dorothy spent the day out in Cristóbal, in the Canal Zone, sightseeing, doing a little shopping, and laughing.

Footsore from their meanderings, by mid-afternoon, they dropped at last into canvas chairs on the terrace of the Hotel Washington. The afternoon was hot, but the trade winds kept off the worst of it. They ordered cocktails.

They had shopped on the plaza, and talked of whether they’d get George and Charles each a Panama hat. They worked over the logistics of getting the hats home in tact. Now they sat, relaxed, facing Limón Bay, under the shade of a large umbrella.

“Is that our ship, down there?” Dorothy asked pointing toward the harbor. She had just arrived the day before to join the expedition, and had yet to board the expedition ship.

The Arcturus was moored on the bay, below them. A large white steam yacht, it stood out amongst the smaller vessels and US Navy gray ships in the harbor.

“That’s her, home sweet home,” Isabel said, her laugh suggesting mixed views of shipboard life.

The Arcturus was a good ship, well-fitted for the scientific work. Isabel had worked aboard her for five weeks already, as they explored the Sargasso Sea in the middle Atlantic. But the vessel was overstuffed with gear and supplies.

“Wonderful!” Dorothy said. “I’m quite mad about this trip. I’m glad for a break from Rye. I know I’ll so enjoy the work and of course, spending this time with you.”

Isabel smiled and said, “Well I’m delighted to have you with me. We will have a marvelous time.”

The waiter brought them two sweating tumblers. Lime squashes, with vodka for Dorothy, and rum for Isabel. They raised their glasses and grinned at each other. They sipped the drinks.

“Well this is perfect. You and I having a chance to catch up before we all get down to work,” Dorothy said.

“Yes, things get feverish when we are in the thick of the work. The Director has too many ideas.”

Dorothy snorted a laugh.

They both knew William Beebe, the expedition director, well. He was kind, mercurial, generous, demanding, supportive, and exasperating, all rolled up together. It helped to joke about him. Calling him The Director, was part of the ongoing mockery of his staff. Dorothy knew him socially and through Isabel’s tales of his ways during their years of working together in the tropics.

“Enough about that silly man. I want to talk about my Jungle Room,” Dorothy said, her blue eyes twinkling. There was mischief in her smile. 

“I want you to put a great big snake in it.”

“A snake?” Isabel said. “What sort of snake?”

She had thought out her design for the Jungle Room, and made a few sketches already. For Isabel, it should be a lush, colorful, immersive scene, palm fronds and flowers, dappled shade, maybe a few birds. The snake idea immediately made her think of Adam and Eve. A snake in paradise.

“Like that boa constrictor you and the ladies captured a few years ago. Oh, it will be delightful. An enormous boa,” Dorothy said, flinging her arms wide.

Isabel’s eyes narrowed. This didn’t fit the way she’d hoped to paint the room. A bit of a joke amidst the lovely scene she could create.

“Oh, I’m not sure that will work so well,” she said.

“Silly, of course it will. It will delight our guests. We’ll call her Eleanor. She should be ever so big.” She spread her arms wide, again.

“Eleanor the boa constrictor,” Isabel said. There was no stopping Dorothy when she set her mind on something. And it was Dorothy’s house, of course.

Isabel had an inkling this was a way Dorothy was getting one over on George, too. The two tussled over lots of things, with Dorothy seeing that she didn’t yield to all of George’s decisions over their lives.

“Oh, of course dear, you shall have your boa constrictor,” she said.

She didn’t mind getting one over on George herself. She was fond of George. George deserved some of the credit for her meeting Charles. But George was a bit full of himself.

As if reading her thoughts, Dorothy said, “It’ll poke George too, he’s so stuffy sometimes.” 

By the time she wrote Charles that night, her enthusiasm for the Jungle Room, snake and all, had returned. Up late writing to him, as was her habit, she told Charles:1)IC to CDM, February 27, 1925 I am looking forward to the jolly month I shall spend painting up Dorothy’s house, the unsuspecting bit of space that doesn’t know that it is going to have four walls around it, much less a lot of wild looking forest trees painted on the walls. It will be a lark. She’d figure out the snake part along the way. Eleanor, of all names, to give it!

__________

Isabel’s art had a certain spark and personality

Painting the giant boa, Eleanor, for Dorothy’s jungle room, probably didn’t fit Isabel’s vision or her sensibilities about interior decoration. She seem to see room decoration in the way she saw her animal art. But it also was no difficulty for her to do.

If you look at the animal paintings made by Isabel, even those done for entirely scientific purposes, you recognize that her creatures have a personalities. Her job was supposed to be much more clinical: to capture species-specific markings for classification and expedition record-keeping. She transcended that, while doing such a superb job at it that she quickly became essential to William Beebe’s efforts to study tropical seas and jungles.

An illustration she made of frigate birds in the Cocos and Galapagos Islands, illustrate this.

Frigate birds, painted by Isabel Cooper, Cocos Islands, 1925. Each one has a distinct personality

But she had it in her repertoire to give the Jungle Room its key inhabitant. She would add the boa that Dorothy wanted.

The Jungle Room comes into being

In mid-summer of 1925, after she returned from the Arcturus Expedition, Isabel got to work on the Jungle Room. It would have its resident snake, too. Isabel, trained in interior decoration, didn’t necessarily think of it room design as including the charming animals she sometimes painted with their distinct personalities.

She wrote Charles on July 8th,2)IC to CDM, July 8, 1925 “I am starting the mural horror shortly, as I can be sure I won’t have chills at [Dorothy’s] house.” She did not want to be a house guest and companion to Dorothy in the throes of malarial fever, which she had suffered off and on since her first year in the tropics.

Isabel was still in Rye, working on the mural, in mid-August “trying to finish the blooming wall.”3)IC to CDM, August 16, 1925. At some point, Charles made a visit and had a look. Though he was a law-trained bureaucrat, a regulator of railroad finance, and about as far from the arts and design as a man could be, he apparently weighed in on the design and gave pointers.

At the end of August, she wrote Charles:

The forest is coming along. I have fixed the horrid place which you objected to. Also the leggy looking flowers. But Dorothy has requested a little livestock, so I have caused a large boa-constrictor named Eleanor to appear among the ferns well back of the bed, so no one need ever see her. I think it is inartistic and rather dangerous, but Dorothy loves it, for its rarity. I suppose, or devilishness….4)IC to CDM, August 27, 1925

Dorothy’s “livestock” was the boa constrictor she was to call Eleanor. Isabel was reluctant to add the snake to her fully-imagined design, but didn’t want to disappoint her friend.

Isabel had comprehensive experience painting snakes. For more on that, visit here.

We can imagine that day when Dorothy came in to see the work:

“Absolutely stunning,” Dorothy said, gazing all around, her bright, warm smile taking it all in. “Oh but where’s my snake?” 

“Just here,” Isabel would have said, sheepishly pointing to the space along the baseboards, behind the headboard.

“Touche!” Dorothy surely said, “I’ve got my snake, but you’ve had your way too, you clever girl!”

Imagining what the Jungle Room looked like

No pictures that I know of survive of Isabel’s Jungle Room. Several magazine and pictorial features described the room over the years.

Coincidentally, on the same day that Charles and Isabel traveled to Rye to be introduced by their mutual friends, George and Dorothy Putnam, the Midweek Pictorial (of the New York Times) published a story on the Putnam’s Rye home:5)Midweek Pictorial, December 24, 1924, p. 14.

The Jungle Room’s: walls picture a vivid jungle scene, with trailing vines and plants and flowers and gay-colored birds perched here and there and a huge python winding about the base board, partially hidden, fortunately, for ‘screamish’ guests, by the bed. The snake’s name is Eleanor, by the way…6)Midweek Pictorial, December 24, 1924, p. 14.

Isabel, in her time in the tropics, made watercolors of tropical foliage, and entwined roots, among other motifs. Her three-panel screen, submitted to the Architectural League of New York 1926 Exhibition, suggests what her jungle details might have looked like. A photo of it is below.

A three-panel screen design by Isabel Cooper, 19267)Year Book of the Architectural League of New York, and Catalogue of the Annual Exhibition. United States, Secretary of the Architectural league of New York, 1926.

Isabel also took photographs from time to time, perhaps to remember a scene to paint later. The photo below is in her scrap book pages relating to her time in British Guiana. It probably inspired her 1926 Architectural League entry labeled “jungle roots”. It could also have inspired her design for the Jungle Room.

Photo by Isabel Cooper from the jungles of British Guiana, circa early 1920s. From Cooper’s scrapbook pages about her time there.

Another profile of the Putnam home in Better Homes & Gardens, in 1937, said:8)Elizabeth MacRae Boykin, “Amelia Earhart at Home,” Better Homes & Gardens, February 1937, pp. 239–40.

Visitors to the house were often shown the Jungle Room, where lushly painted scenes of plants, birds, and flowers seemed to hum—not with actual birdsong but with the idea of birdsong, as if even the discreetly included python named Eleanor, coiled gracefully among the painted foliage, might lift her head and, in a moment of grace, whistle a tune.

As noted, the “python” this and several other articles described, was in fact a boa constrictor. British Guiana, now Guyana, has no pythons, which are native to Asia and Africa.

While we have no pictures of Eleanor and don’t know which species of boa she was, Isabel captured several varieties in her work with the Department of Tropical Research expeditions to British Guiana (now Guyana) in the 1920s.

To read a bit more about Isabel and snakes, visit this page. Below are some of her paintings of boas from her work with the New York Zoological Society’s Department of Tropical Research in the 1910s and 1920s. Her art and that of other department artists are in the digital archive of the Wildlife Conservation Society, and are available here.

Spotted boa, painted by Isabel Cooper9)New York Zoological Society, Department of Tropical Research. British Guiana (now Guyana), March 5, 1921. Digitized by the Wildlife Conservation Society, available at https://wcs.access.preservica.com/archive.
Small boa constrictor, painted by Isabel Cooper10)New York Zoological Society, Department of Tropical Research. British Guiana (now Guyana), July 15, 1922. Digitized by the Wildlife Conservation Society, available at https://wcs.access.preservica.com/archive.

But painting a fanciful jungle room may have given Isabel permission to make a fanciful snake, and thus it could be a composite of the snakes she knew from her work.

Two birds and a pair of fish

Other creatures lived in Isabel’s jungle. There were two grey birds, and the Jungle Room had a couple of fish. The fish were named Finn and Haddie.11)“Mrs. W. H. Burghardt Receives Description of Putnam Home at Rye, New York,” Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon), January 24, 1926 Since the big snake had a name, Dorothy probably decided to also offer names to the interviewer for the two fish. Finn and Haddie was an easy-reach option.

Finnan Haddie was a traditional cold-smoked haddock, sold in fish shops. Cartoons and humor of the time also used Finn and Haddie as names for a humorous pair of characters.

Isabel painted hundreds of fish for her work with the New York Zoological Society’s Department of Tropical Research. Some examples are below.

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatus, painted by Isabel Cooper12)New York Zoological Society, Department of Tropical Research. British Guiana (now Guyana), March 16, 1924. Digitized by the Wildlife Conservation Society, available at https://wcs.access.preservica.com/archive.
Cichla ocellaris, painted by Isabel Cooper13)New York Zoological Society, Department of Tropical Research. British Guiana (now Guyana), April 26, 1924. Digitized by the Wildlife Conservation Society, available at https://wcs.access.preservica.com/archive.

For a further sense of what the Jungle Room might have been like, we also have the example of Don Blanding’s Undersea Room. It was the other themed guest room at the Putnam house. It shows the full, four-wall, and at least in the case of Blanding’s room, ceiling treatment.

The undersea room at the Putnam house, painted by Don Blanding. This suggests how Isabel approached painting her Jungle Room. No pictures of the Jungle Room appear to still exist.14)Elizabeth MacRae Boykin, “Amelia Earhart at Home,” Better Homes & Gardens, February 1937, pp. 239–40.

For a little more on Blanding and the undersea room, visit here.

Part Three rounds out this series with a look at what became of the Jungle Room and the legacy for Isabel and the rest of us.

References[+]

Isabel Cooper’s work with the muralist Ezra Winter

This entry is post 18 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

As a boy, I spent a lot of time with my grandmother, Isabel Cooper. She was fascinating. Before marrying, she lived an independent, adventurous life, too rare for women born in the 1890s.

Among hundreds of stories I heard, she told me about her time working “above the ceiling” in Grand Central Terminal in New York City.

Grand Central interior, with its ceiling depicting constellations1)By Sracer357 – Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21753225

Isabel was a painter, an atelier-trained artist who had worked in scientific illustration and decorative arts. In the late 1920s, she took a job working for the mural painter, Ezra Winter. His studio was in Grand Central Terminal.

Winter designed large-format murals for public spaces, and had a team of artists executing his designs. His murals are at Radio City Music Hall, and the US Chamber of Commerce and the Library of Congress reading room in Washington, DC, among other places.

In her eighties, Isabel relished remembering her time at the studio. A favorite story was about a “funny little man” who darted through the studio from time to time. He would cross the artists’ work area, and pop through a small door at the other end. One day, one of the artists stopped him and asked what he was up to. “Why I’m the star lighter,” he said.

In the early 1930s, an un-named correspondent wrote The New Yorker and told the same story. I wonder if it was Isabel.2)Morris Bishop, Charles Cooke, and Robert M. Coates, “Twinkle, Twinkle,” Talk of the Town, The New Yorker, December 23, 1933, pp. 9-10.

In the 1920s, Grand Central Terminal had a map of the heavens painted on its barrel-vaulted ceiling above the main concourse. Sixty ten-watt light bulbs lit the prominent stars in the constellations it depicted. (A restored version of the night-sky ceiling is still there. Through a design error, the entire sky view is the reverse of the actual night sky.)

Somebody had to change burned-out light bulbs. Isabel’s “funny little man” had the job. There are still lights in the ceiling; the bulbs are now LEDs.

Note: Isabel’s stories often involved funny little men.

Working for Ezra Winter

By the late 1920s, Ezra Winter was getting big commissions for murals in public buildings, bank lobbies, and elsewhere, and was growing his staff. He was close friends with naturalist and scientific expedition leader William Beebe, for whom Isabel had long worked on expeditions to South America. She must have known of Ezra Winter through that connection. He offered Isabel work in his studio.

By 1926, when she went to work for Winter, Isabel had met Charles D. Mahaffie, her future husband. My guess is she no longer wanted to leave the country for months at a time on William Beebe’s scientific expeditions, which she had done since 1917.

Work in New York City best suited her new situation, Charles, who lived in Washington, DC, was only a train ride away.

Ezra Winter, undated photo3)National Park Service, https://www.nps.gov/people/ezra-winter.htm

Winter’s studio, where he employed a dozen or more artists, was high above the concourse in Grand Central Terminal, though not quite “above the ceiling”.

His attic space was large and had tall, arched windows that let in plenty of light. It had high ceilings that fit canvases of 20 by 40 feet. It sat near the level of the vaulted ceiling of the station, with its painted sky.

A cutaway diagram of Grand Central, showing the space (top right) where Ezra Winter had his studio4)By New York Central Railroad (No author, publisher, or copyright listed) – “The Gateway to a Continent; Grand Central Zone”GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, NEW YORK.Pictorial profile of Grand Central Terminal, the office buildings, apartment buildings, and hotels within the Grand Central Zone which is located from 42nd Street to 51st Street between Madison and Lexington Avenues in New York City. 36pp. 4to (New York, 1939). First Edition.The Cooper Collection of Transportation History (private collection), Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47214055

The right kind of artists mattered to Ezra Winter

In a speech to the Mural Painters Society in 1932 or 19335)Typescript of the speech, Ezra Winter Collection, Archive of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, p. 22., Winter talked about how he operated his studio. He commented that union painters tended to have work that was too standardized or too stylized. But, he said:

Among the non-union assistants which I did use in my studio I have always found them so individualized in the character of their work that I could depend on them to do only certain things the way I wished to have them done.

What I am trying to bring out is that artists are all so highly and intensely individual and it is so good and healthy for them to be that way that any attempt at standardization of their work or their time or any outside control is bound to be a hindrance and a handicap to their work.

Isabel’s work for William Beebe, executing scientific illustrations of animals, showed spark and wit. Her animals had personality (see her rendering of a king vulture, below). Winter had probably already seen her work and noticed its qualities when he sought to bring her into his operation. Beebe also had reported on how hard Isabel worked during his expeditions.6)Review of various expedition journals at the William Beebe archive, Princeton University Special Collections He may have recommended her to Ezra Winter as a talented and efficient staffer.

An illustration of a king vulture by Isabel Cooper7)from the author’s collection

The Ezra Winter studio payroll records at the Archive of American Art span 1933-36, which is a period after Isabel no longer worked for him. They show he paid his staff artists between $25 to $60 per week.8)Review of unpublished records in the Ezra Winter Collection, Archive of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. But Isabel wrote in a letter to Charles Mahaffie (see below) that she “worked on time” for Ezra Winter, and was able to mix work for him with other projects. She earned $1,200 at Winter’s studio in 1927, as reflected in her tax return.9)Tax document in the author’s family archives. I don’t have records to show how many weeks of 1927 she worked in the studio.

That year, she also earned $900 from the Encyclopedia Britannica for illustration work, $2100 from the American Museum of Natural History, (for her murals and diagrams for their exhibits), and $1400 for miscellaneous decorating commissions. Her income in 1927 was $6,000. That equates to an estimated $113,859 in 2026.10)using the calculator here: https://smartasset.com/investing/inflation-calculator

A “haven for giddy frolic”

A biographical series of articles by Jessica Helfand on Ezra Winter in the Design Observer relate that Winter and the naturalist William Beebe were close pals. They used Winter’s Grand Central studio for parties.

With his pals Bill (William Chadbourne, a lawyer) and Will (the zoologist William Beebe) Winter soon transformed his studio into a haven for giddy frolic. The parties became a palpable means of escape for the serious painter — a place to dance and dress up, to flirt and cavort and forget, for a few hours, about all the pressing obligations that otherwise circumscribed his days. These soirées proved a kind of temporary escape, a respite from ordinary life to the extraordinary world of make-believe.11)Jessica Helfand, “Ezra Winter Project, Chapter Six,” Design Observer, June 1, 2012, https://designobserver.com/ezra-winter-project-chapter-six/

Winter’s studio, and his fame, brought lots of people to visit, including for regular costume parties. The landlord, owner of The New York Central Railroad, took issue with Winter’s use of the space for parties and for his use of it as an apartment. He denied having more than the rare party there, and claimed he only slept in the studio over night occasionally when he worked late. But even the gossip columns noted he had an apartment there.12)From various newspaper gossip items and articles, and a review of the Winter archive at the Smithsonian Institution.

For key commissions, Winter turned to Isabel

Section of Ezra Winter mural US LOC Reading Room13)Highsmith, Carol M, photographer. North Reading Room, west wall. Detail of mural by Ezra Winter illustrating the characters in the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. Library of Congress John Adams Building, Washington, D.C. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/item/2007687083/

Isabel proved her skills to Winter. He gave her work to do developing his concepts for mural scenes from his rough sketches through final painting and installation.

Among the projects where she did substantial work were the Willard Straight Hall at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, and the Birmingham Public Library, Birmingham, Alabama.

Isabel and colleagues developed Winter’s sketched designs for those installations into complete murals. He trusted key staff, including Isabel, to flesh them out into complete murals. Below is a scene she worked at Cornell based on Winter’s instructions. She described the Cornell assignment in a letter to Charles Mahaffie in 1926:

You are perhaps wondering just what the dickens I do. Well, this morning, for instance, the inarticulate creature showed me a vast expanse of blankness, about ten feet square, and said to sketch up full-size an intelligent-looking Chinaman, a pile of treasure, and a black tiger, and ease them gently into each other with some inoffensive-looking shrubbery etc. Idea of the group: ‘wisdom and wealth.14)Letter from Isabel Cooper to Charles D. Mahaffie, March 1, 1926

Mural by Ezra Winter, executed by Isabel Cooper, at Willard Straight Hall, Cornell University15)postcard in author’s collection

More in Isabel’s words about this work and Ezra Winter, excerpted below, comes from letters she wrote to Charles between 1925 and 1926. They give a flavor of what she thought of the work, and of Winter.

________________________________

Isabel Cooper writing about Ezra Winter and her work for him, 1925-1926

Isabel lived in Manhattan (and also traveled with the William Beebe expedition for about seven months in 1926). She exchanged several letters a week with the man she married a few years later, Charles D. Mahaffie, who lived in Washington, DC.

Below are quotes from Isabel’s letters to Charles Mahaffie that are about Ezra Winter.

December 1, 1925

Tonight I am going to the ‘varnishing’ of the Centennial Exhibition of the Academy with my favorite mural painter, a lanky, vague, artistic, and amazingly capable creature.

Later that night Isabel added:

An assorted crew floated back to the capable mural-painter’s for coffee. Stayed well on into this morning, having the kind of talk which gets nowhere and you can’t remember what it was all about, but the fact remains it was a very jolly slice of talk all the same.

She went on about Ezra Winter:

Mural-painter, the complete host, never says a word, but just shoves edibles and smokes etc. around and looks at you (and probably others as well) as if you were the only person in the room. Nice simple way to please every one. . .

February 3, 1926

By later that winter she was in Winter’s sights as a someone he wanted working for him. She wrote to Charles:

I had planned to work hard as anything in the days and go to the theater every night for the next few weeks, but it now transpires that the nice Winter person . . . being duly impressed with my junk in the architectural show, wants me to plunge into some stupendous decoration job with him, for as long as I want to work at it. Murals, I believe, with a great deal of detail, at which I shall be put. Rather interesting for a while, so I shall shove my own work into the evenings and my reading into the smallest hours and my numerous demanding friends into meal hours.

February 12, 1926

My job is pretty good. I run up and down ladders etc. The murals are about 40 by 20 feet. It is fine to have the ladders. They get you out of the cold draughts. It is a most diverting place, with a variety of persons working at a diversity of things, and odd lots of musicians barging in and out and playing mostly very well on a very beautiful piano which hasn’t got rheumatism yet from the ventilation.

Job has the advantage of being flexible. I work on time, so that I can adapt it to my other activities rather well. Am managing better than you might suppose with my busy life.

February 17, 1926

Am starting some color work on the sketches for the murals, and what do you suppose they use for a medium? A pestilential mixture, dating from the Renaissance period, of raw eggs and vinegar and varnish, all nicely merged with the paint to make it stick or something.

March 1, 1926

A few weeks later, she wrote:

My odd job still interests me. The mural painter is really quite a person. One sees how he came to take the Prix de Rome. He has mastered the art of working hard, and appears to know exactly what he is about. But he can’t explain in words how he wants things done. Lots of men are like that, so I think up out my head what he wants, and then when he comes round and says how nicely I have caught his idea, I merely look duplex and docile.

You are perhaps wondering just what the dickens I do. Well, this morning, for instance, the inarticulate creature showed me a vast expanse of blankness, about ten feet square, and said to sketch up full-size an intelligent-looking Chinaman, a pile of treasure, and a black tiger, and ease them gently into each other with some inoffensive-looking shrubbery etc. Idea of the group: ‘wisdom and wealth.

And I discovered in some delightful archaic literature (the man has a really wonderful art reference library) confirmation of the use of a black tiger guarding treasure—ancient Chinese symbol of wealth.

You understand that the symbolism in murals is always very fatuous, but by the time the thing is all done and up on the wall 90 percent of the people passing it never see it, and the other 10 merely receive an impression of a jolly pattern of colors and lines and let it go at that. So the artist and his assistants can amuse themselves with the ideas to be portrayed, with the additional comfort of knowing that probably no one will ever come forward with criticisms.

The work on these enormous sketches is really rather a lark, particularly so because they leave me alone and let me mess along by myself. And the studio is a most amusing place. Several of my friends who are thoroughly “grata” with the boss have taken to dropping in to chat with me, having discovered that I am never comfortably at home any more. Some of them come and play on the piano by the hour, which is nice. Better than the tinned music which the German draughtsman keeps going.

March 30, 1926

A particular Ezra Winter commission she worked on was for Cornell University. On March 30, 1926, she wrote Charles:

Did ten hours straight at the studio yesterday and today. Am still engaged up on the drawings for the memorial at Cornell. A very hard job, and getting harder and more interesting all the time. My boss is very calm and unruffled about his work, and turns overall all sorts of stuff to me without reflecting that perhaps I am not perfectly adapted to carry it out. So it us up to me to make good regardless. Am now working on a group of Chinese having a chat with a sort of glorified Marco Polo in a grove of brilliant trees, with a mountain range in the back ground. And what sort of occupation is that for a grown woman. . .

May 6, 1926

As the year wore on, Isabel found herself doing lots of varied work, including, but not only, for Winter. She wrote Charles on May 6 that she:

had a business talk with my boss in which he urged me to give him as much of my time from now on as I intend to spend wage-earning. As you may have noticed, I am fairly casual about wage-earning. Just work enough to pay for my overhead and upkeep . . . and put in the rest of my time at more variegated pursuits, so that the sketchy character and excellent pay of the mural work will really suit me quite well. It will be only as permanent as I want it to be, which isn’t very, and as adaptable as I choose, and on my own terms.

She went on to say:

The gentleman has won some competitiveness for some ceilings, with much architectural detail, and also some historical panels. A lot of research work required for all this, which I can attend to while he is absent upstate . . . It seems like an excellent way for me to cash in on my very diversified artistic training and at the same time acquire a few dependable odds and ends of income, which seem necessary to me at present.

May 9, 1926

A little over a week later, she shared more on the Cornell murals:

Have been working very hard. There seems to be no end to these Cornell frescoes. Have been engaged for several days upon the foliage, as I were, of a truculent and pompous old phoenix who is to be strolling in the middle distance of the section representing ‘creative imagination.’ Other features of this group are a lady poet, a handsome sculptor, and a pondering mathematician, all pretty well draped in neo-Greek style without being really dressed, any of them. The boss is having some trouble adapting the mural-painter’s tradition of classical undrape to the needs of a co-educational institution full of mocking young persons.

And their continued to be parties at Winter’s studio. She added:

There is a big blow-out at the studio tonight, which I am wholly omitting. Crowds and crowds of people I don’t much fancy, and not one of them as stimulating on the spot as you, even at the end of an endless line of railway tracks.

May 18, 1926

She wrote about her techniques and the art of mural painting as well:

It [mural painting] will be a problem of continued adaptation of me and of art. And, Chass, I have been doing that for such ages. I invented and maintained standards of drawing techniques adapted to the needs of tropical research in the field, and worked out a graphic type of surgical chart. And of late I have been working hard for a man who doesn’t know what he wants until he sees it.

_____________

Isabel continued to work for Ezra Winter, including on his panels for the Birmingham Public Library well into 1927.

Work with Ezra Winter was a lark for Isabel, fun, challenging, interesting. And it helped pay the rent. She supported herself as a professional artist until she married Charles in August 1928.

References[+]

Isabel Cooper Mahaffie — Memoir

This entry is post 17 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

Below is a short memoir written by Isabel Cooper Mahaffie when she was about 86 years old.

My Father and Mother — A Memoir

Isabel Cooper Mahaffie, 1978

There is an ancient photograph before me on my desk, taken in Tacoma, Washington. The date is 1891. The picture has faded to a pale sepia, but the faces are clear and charming in the light of a long-ago day. There is a dim old mansion in the background, mid-Victorian, with mansard roof, crescent dormers, and many verandahs done in fretwork. One could imagine a heroine out of a Trollope novel trailing her ruffled skirts across the threshold. But for all its mystery, it is only a photographer’s backdrop.

There are four figures in a stiff, old-fashioned group. In the center sits a serious, blond young man, complete with high collar, cravat, archaic mustache, bowler in one hand, umbrella in the other. He looks uncomfortable, as one whose pose has been dictated by an inept photographer. This is my father, James Sherman Cooper, whom I never actually saw except with the unremembering eyes of a child. Beside him on his right are his sisters. One is standing at his shoulder, a buoyant little figure, a faint disdain on her face, probably due to the photographer’s spidery clamp behind her head to hold her steady for the time exposure. She wears an elaborate satin dress and the quaintest possible little hat perched crossways on her head. This is my well-loved aunt, Joanna Elizabeth, named for Joanna Freer, her grandmother of French Huguenot ancestry, and for Elizabeth Hawes, her English grandmother. The other sister is seated at her brother’s feet. This is my youngest aunt — the musical one — Harriet, named for a sister, Harriet, who died in infancy many years before. Her hat is piquant, outlandish, charming, with its stiff brim above a delicate, sensitive face. On my father’s other side stand a fair, statuesque lady, wearing a beautifully fitted costume of the nineties. Her hat is the most absurd of all, merely a becoming little confection of ribbons. There is a diffident expression on her face. Perhaps she also has an iron spider behind her head. This is my mother, Honora Henry. All the ladies wear their hair brushed up severely from their foreheads, surely into shining bands or braids under the foolish hats. They all wear the dainty, many-buttoned gloves of the period.

I believe this picture was taken at the time of my parents’ wedding, the aunts having traveled across the continent to represent the family. There is a quietness about the scene, as if it were a frozen moment of time changed into a strange, waiting kind of now. So that I find myself saying, “What are these young people thinking?” They are solemn and seem detached one from the other during the minutes of the exposure. Is each one off in a private meditation, gazing into the future with wonder or questions or foreboding?

A long, sorrowful, and bitter story followed from this marriage, several, in fact. And I, who know all the stories, look with sadness upon this young generation of my family who passed away so long ago. If they could speak now, each would give a different account. The sisters in the picture held themselves rather aloof from the family tragedy, and their stories would not be so poignant or so important. Joanna was taken up with her books and painting and her exquisite concern with all the domestic arts. Aunt Harriet was completely absorbed in her music. I will speak later of their respective temperaments and the effect of these upon my life. There was another aunt, my father’s oldest sister, Mary, head of the clan, so to speak. She had apparently stayed at home to watch over the aged mother and father. In some ways her version of the family story would be the most important one. She became my guardian, and her decisions and her character had a profound influence on my life.

My father and my mother are the protagonists, of course. Their stories were indeed different, as will be seen. I, in my old age, propose to pull together the tangled threads and tell it all in orderly fashion.

I shall start with the story of my father. This will of necessity be shadowy, because I really know so little about him. His face is familiar, of course, but I have few clues to his personality. There remain to me only a few photographs, a schoolboy’s copy book of writing exercises done in a beautiful Spencerian hand, a very few vivid memories, letters, revealing facts of his short life. There is the one treasure, a diary of his Klondike adventure. I know very little of his early days. I have a picture of him in uniform with three young companions, “the silent four” of E Company, Iowa Infantry, taken in the late ‘80s, as inscribed on the back. The aunts used to speak of a visit to a ranch he had in Arizona at one time. That is all.

I believe my father to have been greatly loved and badly spoiled by his sisters. The youngest of nine children, he was many years younger than his father and was reported to have been a variance with him — rebellious and adventurous. He must have been sure that his fortune would be made far from home. In the late nineteenth century this could only mean the far West.

I do not know how he happened to settle in Tacoma. The trouble seems to have started when he met my mother there. They were married in the summer of 1891. I was born the next summer. The birth was difficult, and she was reported to have been badly injured. She was strongly advised not to have any more children. A brother was born a little over a year later, and a younger brother in 1895. She brought a suit for divorce in the fall of 1896. These facts were recorded in my father’s Bible. The divorce was granted in the northern city of Port Angeles, the children being awarded to the mother.

To continue with this stark outline, while she was away my father abducted my brothers and myself and, with the help of an apparently sympathetic nurse, carried us away on a transcontinental train to the family home and his mother and sisters in New York City. I did not see my mother for some thirty years. My father left for the Klondike in the summer of 1897 and died in January, 1898.

__________

I think I shall start with the memories, for what they are worth, and see what light they can throw on my story. There is only one, faint picture of my mother in my mind, and that is so vague as to have little meaning, but I could not have imagined it. I think I see a pretty lady lying on a chaise, ill and rather fretful. It is only a glimpse. I do not see the face clearly.

When I try to recapture some memory of the all-important journey across the continent, I get only fragments. I do not see my father’s face or the nurse’s, but I am aware of their watchful presence over us. There is an impression of the dim room on the train, and bowls of hot cereal being brought to us children. The bowls had rims of blue. Maybe I confuse them with some blue-rimmed bowls in a poem which Aunt Joanna used to read to me — Longfellow’s Hanging of the Crane. Perhaps it was the children in the poem, “with eyes of blue.” The long trip is a blank until our arrival in New York City. There is a dreamlike, but vivid memory — my grandmother’s carriage, horses, a stiff-backed coachman, and a stately figure of a lady coming toward us in bright sunlight. I remember particularly this blinding sunlight. It must have been the contrast with the dusky interior of the old Grand Central Station (not the resplendent new terminal, with the many-storied double windows through which I used to walk in later years to a mural-painting workshop — a great, echoing studio on the roof). The stately lady is Aunt Mary. I do not see the street. There is just the unreal tableau of the carriage and Aunt Mary, in the bright sunlight.

There must have been all sorts of impressions coming in upon me: a new home, new faces. It seems strange that I do not remember any of this until I come to my fifth birthday. Of this I have a vivid and elaborate picture. I see in my mind’s eye a beautiful lawn with giant oak trees. There is a table spread with a white lace cloth and a birthday cake, all white icing with flowers cut out of citron and cherries. But the most extraordinary part of the picture is the flight of enormous bees boring holes in the icing. I seem to be standing alone, watching them, fascinated. Some horrified grownup must have rustled up immediately and scared them away, but I shall never forget those delirious insects, drunk with the sweetness of my birthday cake. A vagrant thought: I wonder what kind of honey resulted from this diet? There is one other memory of insects. It might have been on the same day. I was sitting on the grass with Aunt Joanna, watching a detachment of leaf hoppers forming and reforming on our flowered organdy dresses, their wings translucent green with white edges.

These fragmentary memories of oak trees and bees and organdy dresses serve to point up the chronology of my story. It was my fifth birthday in August, 1897. The famous Klondike gold strike occurred in July of that year. The diary of my father’s journey to Alaska starts in August, so it seems that he was setting sail at the time of the famous birthday. I have a yellowing newspaper photograph of the crowded deck of a steamer about to sail from Seattle. It shows all the ferment and excitement of this dreadful gold rush. An elaborate volume about the Klondike has been published lately, with many historic photographs of crowds of happy prospectors. It is possible that my father’s face might appear in one or another of the eager groups. I have thought at times of taking a powerful lens and searching for his face, but to what avail? It would only be sad to see with what hope he set out, and know how it all ended.

I do not know about the empty period between the abduction of his children and his departure to the Klondike. It must have been a bad time for him. I believe that he tried to find interesting work in the East. There surely was discouragement, restlessness, and finally the lure of the gold rush and a fortune to be made, that led to his decision to go to Alaska.

The second and only other memory picture is of the day he left my grandmother’s house to seek his fortune. It seems to me that I remember his pale young face as he stood in the door to say Goodby. I see the spacious front hall quite clearly, the wide staircase landing, and the huddled group of the family, as he bade farewell to his mother and sisters and his three wide-eyed little children. The tableau is sharp and clear, but it has the look of a dream rimmed round with a bright halo of nothingness.

The tragic diary is in my father’s handwriting, except for the last entry announcing his death, January 8, 1898. This is a very interesting human document. The tone is impersonal, as he refers to himself as JSC, with only an occasional use of the personal pronoun. It starts off on a note of high adventure. First there was the long trip from Seattle to Skagway, an endless inland waterway of islands, narrows, sounds, canals, straits. It is a factual account of considerable interest. Then it was necessary to climb the terrible Skagway trail to reach the divide and the Chilkoot Pass — an ordeal, a melange of stumbling men and horses and baggage trains of all pitiful descriptions. Many turned back, and many were lost on the way. The final and longer part of the trip to Dawson City, at the mouth of the Klondike River, was by water — by boat and raft — over a chain of lakes and rivers. There were portages, perilous canyons, and sandbars to be negotiated. A high spot was the triumphant passage of the famous White Horse Rapids of the Lewes River (upper Yukon). It is a credit to the courage and stamina of my father and his friends that they, amateurs, got there at all.

It is sad to think that misfortune set in after all this. It is not clear to me just went wrong. Probably a combination of things. The arctic winter arrived, with perishing winds and temperatures of fifty and more below. They found they could not compete with the experienced miners. “Lays,” that is to say, areas allotted for digging, were scarce. There was a strike of mine employees, and all jobs were scarce. It became a question of giving up and trying to get home over the Yukon ice and the frozen trails, or somehow digging in and waiting for spring. There is an account of an heroic effort to build a cabin and cache their meagre supplies safely, cut their own firewood, and somehow endure day after day the dreadful cold. Imagine a cabin with no glass for the windows, only cloth stretched over. It is heartbreaking to think of.

There are so many human endeavors which fail because they start at the wrong time for the wrong reasons. It was a cruel circumstance that the infamous gold strike took place in late summer, so that many of the hapless prospectors were overtaken by the early arctic winter. I am thinking of the invasion of Russia by the French army in 1812. Wrong-headed, bent on conquest, they launched the assault on Moscow in mid-August, and by December they were dying in the snow, defeated, in the famous retreat. The analogy is not perfect. There was no burning city to thwart the conquerors, no wicked emperor to desert his faithful soldiers. There was only the gold, mysterious, implacable, inviolate in the hills, and many who wanted to go home and never got there.

It is a sorrowful tale of misfortune — privation, homesickness, and for my father bronchitis, pneumonia, a failing heart. It would seem that here ends the story of a man who died defeated, at thirty-two.

The end came later for his family. I have several letters written to his mother and his sisters during those last terrible weeks. I think they are about the saddest I have ever read: despairing, full of love and concern for his children. The latest of these were not received until the spring. Then, indeed, was the end of his story.

__________

The bitter history continues. There are several letters written by my father to his brother John at the time of the divorce, giving what seems to me an ill-considered account of the whole matter. It is a terrible thing to say, but I think that the intimation in these letters, that his wife had deserted her children and left him for another man, was speculation and misapprehension at best, or unthinking misrepresentation. Thirty years later my mother gave me her version. It has been difficult for me to judge between his wish to vindicate himself then in his family’s eyes and hers, so much later, to vindicate herself in mine. Of course, after thirty years one might expect rationalization, but there were some definite facts to uphold her story. The children were awarded to her; that would be a matter of record. He abducted the children, which makes the theory that she deserted us untenable. It was necessary for his sister Mary, after his death, to take legal steps to get control of us and establish her guardianship. There are papers in support of this, also a variety of affidavits which were necessary to persuade our mother that we were being well cared for and would be in better circumstances if raised by the family in New York. Who knows? I believe that she realized the truth of this. She might have found herself with limited resources with three children to bring up alone in what was certainly a frontier city at that time. The fact remains, she did give us up.

The terms of the agreement were harsh. She was forbidden to see us or to write to us. She was allowed to see any photographs taken of us by the family. The family escaped this stipulation by never having any taken themselves, though many were taken by friends. The result of all this was she saw no pictures of me until she came across some in the New York Times in 1925, taken upon my return from an expedition to the Galapagos Islands. She was reported to have been badly upset by this. I also heard of a sad thing that had happened earlier which she said had been terrible for her. She had traveled to New York when I was about seven years old to try to see us and get us back, but had been met with determined refusal to give us up. So three children, fatherless and motherless, were left in the care of their grandmother and their three maiden aunts.

In the loving eyes of his sisters my father could do no wrong. They believed his story. They were old-fashioned ladies and, I am sorry to say, narrow-minded. They had been prejudiced against my mother from the start: a stranger; a westerner. Or they may have felt that she was a adventuress of nineteen who had beguiled their young brother. The divorce was probably the last straw. It must be remembered that in those days divorce was practically a crime, certainly disgraceful behavior, to be censured and whispered about. So it all built up into a tragic hatred. It is hard for me to imagine kindly gentlewomen having so little compassion. As I have said, the sisters in the photograph were not so involved and were wise enough not to show their feelings. I do not remember either one of them making any cruel remarks about my mother. But Aunt Mary was extraordinarily bitter and did not share the wisdom of her sisters, so that as I grew up there was a shadow of disgrace hanging over me. I remember feeling there was something inferior about being an orphan. I envied my friends, who seemed to have mothers and fathers in good supply. I gradually outgrew all this; at least it became unreal in a strange way. It was there, and it was not there. It is hard for me to explain this ambivalence. I suppose it was due to a determined rejection of gloom on the part of a healthy young person. I was born with a sanguine nature, essentially optimistic, high-spirited, and with invincible health. So the sadness was eventually banished to some remote corner of my being.

__________

I should describe the home and the general scene in which the children started a new life. I remember some of it quite well: a large, old-fashioned city house; whole rooms clear in my mind; even some of the pictures on the wall. The pictures were mostly very fine but somber engravings: Burne-Junes, Turner, and the like. I remember cushioned seats and big bay windows in the front of the house; a parlor done in rosewood and white brocade, where children could not go except on special occasions (or, in my case, for the austerity of five-finger exercises); a cavernous kitchen, presided over by a tyrant who hated children. My room looked south and west over roofs and chimney pots — there were no skyscrapers in those days in New York. I could see the evening star, sometimes the moon speeding across the sky in a whirl of clouds, or proceeding majestically with a planet between her horns. There was an alcove with bookcases in the hall outside the parlor, where I liked to sit and read a listen to Aunt Harriet working over airy passages of Chopin or Brahms intermezzi. It seems odd that I recall so much about the house and so little about the happenings of my early childhood. Perhaps there were no happenings of importance.

As for the inhabitants of this scene, I should start with the grandparents. I have heard that my father took my mother and me to visit the family. In fact, my older brother was born in the east. My grandfather dies in 1894. Many years later my mother described him. He was apparently very old and frail, but entirely clear in his head. She told me as well that he was the only one of the family who gave her any friendship or understanding. I have letters that he wrote to his daughters in boarding school. They are old-fashioned, a little pedantic, full of a sort of homely wisdom and affection.

My grandmother lived until 1905 — her 80th year, my thirteenth. She was quite deaf and seemed remote. I did not know her very well, but wish I had. I remember her folded hands and the little lace cap she wore, and her gentle, patient smile. Perhaps this was to reassure everyone that she was all right, or was it in gallant defiance (or propitiation) of her world of silence?

I do not know to what extent my brothers were affected by the family bitterness. I did not really know them; in their younger years they were hardly ever home. The aunts were ill-equipped to deal with growing boys, who were badly in need of a kind mother and a strict but wise and gentle father. The three spinsters could not furnish such ambiance, so the boys were sent off to boarding and military schools from time to time. As the older boy grew up he threw off the authority of the family. He was quite young when he worked his way, with many adventures, and settled permanently on the West Coast. He looked up our mother and used to write me saying I should come out west to see her. It took a different approach to make me want to do this, as will be seen. The other boy, his father’s namesake, had inherited his father’s special place in the aunts’ regard, and they proceeded to spoil him badly. He was venturesome, as his father was. In spite of bad eyesight, and underweight, he talked his way into the American Expeditionary Force in World War I. He used to joke that he memorized an eye chart and augmented his weight with a large number of bananas. He went to France and managed, for the most part, to have an interesting, even an hilarious, time, though there were some dark, tragic days that he didn’t like to talk about. The stories of these boys and of their marriages and their descendants are interesting, as all life stories are, but they do not concern us here.

_________

The three aunts loom up as the most important figures in my early life, and I would like to go rather carefully into the characters and dispositions of these women. I should probably sketch in an account of my life. I will content myself with a brief catalogue of important points: a superlative school, which I attended from kindergarten to college entrance time; several years in two colleges; art schools; independence; seventeen years of a happy career; exciting expeditions; rare travel; highly variegated jobs, each one more interesting than the last. All this was only prologue to the important time: a momentous, romantic meeting; a long, delightful courtship by letter; engagement. I want to lead up gradually to the day in 1927 when I saw my mother. I was going to say “again,” but it was really the first time in my conscious life. I did not actually see the face of the ailing lady on the couch in that fleeting memory of c four-year-old girl. A strange day indeed, not long before my marriage. I will speak of the meeting with my mother later, and how it came about.

I will start with Aunt Harriet, the “musical one, as the family were wont to call her. She was whelmed in her music, as I have said, and did not have much to do with me, except that it never occurred to her that a child in the family would not have a musical education. So I was started in early — scales, octaves, arpeggios, etc., and exposure to great quantities of chamber music. The family wanted me to have my voice trained, an idea which I repudiated violently. “Parlor singing” by young female members of the family was in vogue, which always seemed to me the most dreadful bore. Aunt Harriet was greatly talented, nervous, and very hard to please. I’m afraid I disliked her intensely, and I am sure I was a trial to her, but as we both grew older we became more mellow and learned to appreciate each other. She had developed a highly original philosophy of her own. She lived to be very old, and retained a clear intelligence. I used to visit her in her late years and found it entirely rewarding to talk to her.

I would like to write a book about Joanna. It would be a book about a remarkable woman. She was spirited, intelligent, accomplished, resourceful, delightfully literate. You might call her a renaissance woman, except that the term implies a certain flamboyance which she did not have. Also, this designation seems to be reserved for men and a very few exceptional princesses.

Motherless, I might have been a candidate for the “disturbed child” class, a concept out of the dreary lexicon of the psychiatrists which happily did not exist at the turn of the century. Aunt Joanna saved me from this fate. She was prim and reserved, not exactly maternal. I remember no embraces or gestures of tenderness, but I knew that she loved me. She was the most wonderful figure in my childhood. As I look back it almost seems as if she had been waiting for a child, a young person to come into her life who she could cherish and inspire. She taught me alphabets and numbers and names of the piano keys; songs out of the “olden time;” to embroider and “sew a fine seam;” to love the seasons of the year, and weather in all its phases; beautiful things in nature or made by human hands. She read to me from a wide range of poetry, literature, and history. She painted things that Victorian ladies likes to paint, with exquisite care. She also supervised my early artistic efforts. When I found out what could be done with those shiny little sticks with ends of sharpened metal or pointed able hairs I started to draw and paint, and have practically never stopped since. Poor dear Aunt kept the most dreadful files of my little girl drawings.

Best of all, she had an inquiring mind, which she bequeathed to me. Or perhaps we both inherited this from an ancestor in the dark ages who liked “finding out about things.” This is sometimes called intellectual curiosity. The concept seems vainglorious. I prefer to quote the expression “to know how and why” out of Thomas Hobbes’ potent 17th century comment.[1] Whatever you call it, it is a gift beyond compare.

Aunt Joanna died when I was twenty-one. My brother and a first cousin are actually the only persons alive who remember that she existed. I do not think they knew what a wonderful person she was. All the friends who loved her have departed this world, and when I too depart it will be as if she had never lived. It saddens me more than I can say to think of all the charm and wisdom she had and all the loving kindness she bestowed on me vanishing into thin air. Perhaps these grateful words I have written will serve as a memorial for her.

I come now to a discussion of Aunt Mary. She was a martinet. At least she acted like one, that is to say a strict disciplinarian. There was a fatal flaw. She was inconsistent. When she should have been firm with the boys, she would be soft, and the other way around. She was violent in her prejudices, inflexible in her judgment of my mother. Perhaps she was not sure that my mother was a unworthy person. Was there a secret feeling of guilt, and a need to justify her treatment of her? Or was she just afraid of showing compassion? It was a terrible thing to do to a child, to let her grow up in the shadow of a hatred like this. But she had a very strong sense of duty, and I expect her disciplinarian ways, of which I felt the full force, were good for me. She lived to be very old and showed a loving side to her nature before, tragically enough, she lost her faculties. I used to visit her and found myself able to give her the affection she had probably craved all along. The solving of difficult family relationships does really seem to be to grow old and mellow, doesn’t it.

I think I was about ten when a friend of the family wanted to adopt me. Aunt Mary showed her strong feeling for family and faithfulness to my father’s memory; she refused flatly to let me go. I was not supposed to know about this, but it is hard to keep things from children. There were veiled words and a sickening kind of yearning toward me on the part of the lady. This would-be guardian was a woman of about forty years, whom I regarded with foreboding and horror. There is a photograph of her in an ancient family album, one of those old-fashioned leather-bound, brass-buckled, gilt-edged volumes which used to take root on Victorian parlor tables. Her face, examined under a lens, seems kind. Sometimes it is necessary to look long and hard at a person to find a hint of loving kindness. I find a small hand lens useful in the case of a photograph. Perhaps she would have been kind to me, but who know what sort of kindness it would have turned out to be.

She stands in the picture turning toward the viewer with posed romantic grace, leaning on a photographer’s impossible table. The general impression is a pile of braids and ruffles — a ruffled dress, a handsome jabot with ruffles. The ruffles had ruffles. I remember these Victorian jabots. The served to enhance a fresh young face and draw attention from the multiple chins of middle age or the withered throat of the octogenarian. They were always voluminous, a froth of the finest linen and lace, and always fastened with a cameo. These ornaments were usually decorated with bas relief figures in classical undrape. I wonder if the Victorian ladies mused upon this juxtaposition.

My usually reliable imagination does not tell me what my life with this person would have been. I only know that I did not want it. Children shy away from change and cling to anything faintly resembling home. I heaved a private sigh of relief when the whole idea was dropped.

I found myself often at variance with Aunt Mary. Was this the clash of personalities, or was it the age-old combat between youth and authority, parental or otherwise? Aunt Mary was given to imperial pronouncements. One decision she made for me marked a very special turning point in my life. To be sure, practically any moment of one’s life might be a special turning point: for instance, the moment of one’s birth, which presages a series of turning points, or the split second when a flying leap to a Manhattan curb saves one from death by a marauding taxi, thus allowing the series to continue. I had picked an art school for myself. Aunt Mary decreed another, which was nearer home. We had been walking in Central Park — that lovely park which used to be my playground. One walks there now at risk of unimaginable violence. I remember very well the street corner where we were standing and the moment when I agreed to her choice, with rather bad grace.

It was at that art school that I met the first of seven persons who led me directly to the eighth, a man who became my husband. These seven people were an odd assortment of men and women to be instruments of fate. Of course, I do not believe in fate, but things do happen. Sometimes, in retrospect at least, they seem to proceed with a certain stately and portentous rhythm. I could write a book about some of these people. I find I cannot resist the temptation to run the seven through a series of thumb-nail sketches.

The First one was a quaint little painter, head of the art department, who couldn’t paint. But he was a superlative teacher, so good, in fact, that you did not know you were being taught, but long afterwards you thought you had discovered for yourself subtleties of color or line or design. It was at one of his summer sketch classes that I encountered the Second of the famous seven — a flighty young woman with one blue and one brown eye — very disconcerting — who brought the Third to my acquaintance. This woman was a visionary — a philosopher way ahead of her time, incomprehensible, whom I came to appreciate and understand as the years went on. She brought a man to one of my studio parties, the Fourth, whom I remember not at all. But I remember the studio parties. I had reached the point in my career when I had fascinating work and a delightful circle of friends. Everyone gave lovely parties. This Fourth person was notable for one thing: he brought to my studio the Fifth, a debonair character who seemed to have no special occupation or means of support. But he was a fine dinner partner; he wore top hat and evening clothes with distinction; and he could throw together the best salad dressing that anyone had ever tasted. He brought the Sixth person to meet me. This man was a famous biologist, part scientist and part faker, if you can imagine a more weird combination. He introduced me to the Seventh, a festive lady who loved people, giving parties, and matchmaking. So in the course of time I met the Eighth, a wise and wonderful man.

_________

I had become quite far removed from the family tragedy, and had certainly lost the feeling that being an orphan set me apart from normal people. Years of independence and a variegated, happy career had given me confidence, but it seemed that the shadow of the old family story was not forgotten. I had had the good fortune to meet this eighth, all-important, person. And during the halcyon days of tranquil happiness when I was in the process of becoming engaged to marry him the old trouble came upon me with all the pain of a shameful blush. Immediately I realized that he should know about this, so I took courage and told him. He did not appear to be traumatized in the slightest. He, a kind and just man, merely made a quiet remark, which rocked me back on my heels. He said, “You should know, of course, that none of this has anything shameful to do with you. But the whole story seems to be slanted against your mother. Has she ever had the chance to tell you her side?’ I am ashamed to say that this had never occurred to me.

I think he was amused at the compulsive speed with which I decided to visit her. A few days after that I boarded a transcontinental train to Portland, Oregon, where I had asked her to meet me. I remember spending a miserable night dreading the encounter before me. A message came over the phone early in the morning: there was someone to see me in the lobby. It was a strange moment. There were three women sitting there. I did not know which was my mother. She knew me immediately. In my father’s family, as in many, there is a very strong look of the clan which follows through from generation to generation.

It was a kind of meeting which I think few people have ever experienced. I had been taken away from her in my fifth year. It was now my thirty-fifth. I had dreaded emotion on her part, but she had this under excellent control. She put no claims of kinship or duty upon me. As for me, I felt not the slightest connection with her. Dreadful, but understandable, I suppose. I had no real memories of her. She was seeing in her mind’s eye a four-year-old child — “winsome and beautiful,” as she put it. But are not all little four-year-old girls so? I wonder, if my father had reappeared after thirty years, if I would have felt a trace of the traditional filial affection of a daughter for her father.

We talked all day. There were reminiscences on her part of my early years. Stories about my baby brothers. She told me that I had loved them very much. There were endless questions about my life, and always my feeling of unreality. It was impossible for me to take in the fact that I was talking with my own mother. She gave me her version of the unhappy events of thirty years past. She told me that far from being interested in another man, she had not even met her second husband until some time later on. This was a crucial point of difference with my father’s story to his family — crucial indeed. She verified the fact that we had been awarded to her. And she said something that I had already figured out for myself, namely that she had not deserted us. She said she had been heartbroken when she found we had been stolen away. She also told me that the legal arguments and general persuasion in favor of Aunt Mary’s guardianship had been overwhelming. Very little was said about the divorce. It was a hard subject to discuss, but I decided anyway that my own conclusions about it were right.

I spoke to her, of course, of the way the aunts had felt toward her. She said she had been bewildered by it. Toward the end of our day together she made a very sad remark — that one comes in time to accept things, and that she had been able finally to take up a new life in which her children had no part. I put her on the night train. The parting was sad for her. I felt no more than a sort of detached compassion for her sadness. I remember writing to the man who started me off on this adventure, “I have been motherless for thirty years, and I remain so.”

I saw my mother again soon after my marriage. My husband and I were on the West Coast for one of his big railroad cases. We found ourselves in Seattle, so we arranged a long luncheon with her. Again, my hard heart felt nothing. Many years later our son and his bride called upon her during their honeymoon trip. She wrote me that this had made her very happy. She died in her eighty-third year.

_________

Now that I have come to the end of my story my thoughts go back to the two young people in the ancient photograph, on the eve of their wedding. I look at the faces and try to realize again that they were my parents. They seem so anonymous, strangers who are never thought of again. I and my brother, who unfortunately has forgotten many things, are the only living persons who even remember that they existed. Now perhaps the despair and the bitterness and the hate may be forgotten too, because I am speaking only the truth when I say that I am glad beyond reason and beyond words that they gave me life. Impossible to know how my life might have turned out. But many good and fine things have happened to me through the years. I have spoken of the wonderful, richly detailed background of my childhood and of the interesting life I made for myself in my career days. Best of all was my marriage of forty years, with more true friendship and happiness in it than is granted to most wives. And now, in my old age, I am living near my son and his wife, two of the kindest and most charismatic people in the world. And I can have the joy of watching two generations of their beautiful children growing up.

Is it selfish, heartless, to rejoice in these good things? Must I accept the sadness and tragedy of other people’s lives as a foundation for my own good fortune? Perhaps I will always have before me the paradox of my son’s happy family story set over against the sadness of my father’s. What does make for familial love? Is it only closeness, the sharing of lives, growing up and growing old together? I suppose the shadow and the questions will always be with me. Dear good and patient reader, I counsel you. Give those nearest to you your very special devotion and loving friendship, cherish them, and be glad. I hope you will never find yourself gazing into the face of one who should be most dear to you and know the desolation of a cold stone of indifference in your breast where your heart should be.

[1] “To know how and why is a lust of the mind that by a perseverance of delight in the continual and indefatigable generation of knowledge excited the short vehemence of any carnal pleasure.” Thomas Hobbies, 1588-1679.

The 1925 Arcturus Expedition’s Women Staff

This entry is post 6 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

The picture below is a press photo from July 1925 showing the five women scientists and artists who staffed the Arcturus Expedition led by William Beebe, February to July 1925. My grandmother, Isabel Cooper, is at the right.

Marie P. Fish, Ruth Rose, Helen Tee Van, Lillian Segal, and Isabel Cooper, July 1925, upon their return from a six-month scientific expedition on the S S Arcturus to the Sargasso Sea, Panama, and the Galapagos Islands. They are holding a stuffed albatross

More about the five women
A lot more about Isabel Cooper may be found found here. More about each of Isabel’s Arcturus colleagues is in this post from a few years ago. Also, each of the five has an Wikipedia entry. Isabel’s is here.

The S S Arcturus and the expedition

The wooden steam yacht S S Arcturus, fitted out for oceanographic study, left New York on February 10, 1925 and sailed into the Atlantic Ocean. It found its way to the mid-ocean Sargasso Sea where explorer and naturalist William Beebe (1877-1962) and his staff sampled water and sea creatures at various depths.

Gear on the ship could sample as deep as three miles. Doing so meant spooling out a half-inch cable from where it was wound in drums for three hours. It took three more hours to bring up the sample. The women artists and ichthyologists aboard set to analyzing and illustrating the samples immediately. Here is a post on Isabel Cooper’s work as a ship-board scientific illustrator on the Arcturus Expedition.

The ship discovered some of the first (very) deep sea fish species. One of the reasons to have artists along was that color photography had not yet been perfected, and fish could change in color, shape, and condition once brought out of the water, an issue particularly for fish evolved to live at extreme deep-sea atmospheric pressures. So the artists painted and drew them immediately on the ship.

The expedition continued to Panama, and passed through the Panama Canal, sailing into the Pacific Ocean to the Galapagos Islands for further exploration. It returned to New York City at the end of July 1925.

Why all the women?

William Beebe in 1925

William Beebe favored hiring women for his tropical research stations and ship expeditions. My grandmother, Isabel Cooper, worked for him in the late 1910s through much of the 1920s.

Hiring women and recognizing them for their professional expertise was not typical then. I’ve often wondered why Beebe not only hired women, but seemed to prefer to do so. It’s hard to avoid wondering whether Beebe also had a romantic interest in some of the women.

I’ve posted before on Beebe and the women he employed in this post: “I let too many girl pictures get by me”. But I think there is more to explore.

Prior to the Arcturus Expedition, William Beebe gave an above-board reason to employ women staff. He noted that he “preferred working with women and that ‘If it were feasible I would have my entire scientific party made up of them…Fine minds are as necessary in modern research exploration as fine courage. It is easier to find fine women than fine men.’” 1)From: Cohen, Gene (November 21, 1924). “Women plan to chart ‘port of missing ships’ and to strip Sargasso Sea of its secrets”. Americus Times-Recorder. (Americus, Ga.) . He wrote another time that it was what was “above the ears” that mattered; knowledge, intelligence, and judgment.

It’s likely he first saw the professional competence of women through his collaborations with his first wife, Mary Blair Rice. They collaborated closely in studying pheasants and publishing treatises on birds.

For Beebe, the women collaborators at his first research outpost in Kalacoon, British Guiana (now Guyana) strengthened his perspective on women as colleagues. He recruited more women colleagues as he grew his work exploring nature with research stations in South America, and ship expeditions.

By the time he was planning the Arcturus Expedition, he had found a number of leading-edge experts in fish and other wildlife, and in the artistic illustration of animals. Most of them were women.

Were there affairs among the staff?

That Beebe later had an affair with an expedition colleague (while he was married) suggests that affairs among these colleagues happened. But like my father, Isabel Cooper’s son, before me, I am left without a conclusion about whether Beebe and my grandmother ever had one.

The men and women of Beebe’s staff were young, educated, progressive, modern people. There could have been and almost certainly were multiple shipboard affairs and romances on Beebe’s expeditions. And they didn’t have to just involve Beebe.

What matters most is that throughout Beebe’s years of research and exploration, women contributed centrally to his work and were vital to the expeditions’ success. Nothing that happened socially on his expeditions should in any way reduce what happened scientifically and professionally. In other words, if there were affairs, good for them.

References[+]

“Mr. Mahaffie comes on from Washington Tues. midnight”

This entry is post 16 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper
Dorothy Binney Putnam and Charles D. Mahaffie in May 1927
Dorothy Binney Putnam and Charles D. Mahaffie in May 1927

Dorothy Putnam wrote Isabel Cooper on December 20, 1924, inviting her to her Rye, New York home, and announcing that Mr. Mahaffie would be arriving that next Tuesday (December 23rd) at midnight. Mr. Mahaffie was clearly a topic of prior conversation. Isabel’s friend Dorothy, whom she called a “festive lady who loved people, giving parties, and matchmaking,” was determined that Isabel should meet Mr. Mahaffie.

Dorothy was to see Mr. Mahaffie in New York City on Wednesday, Christmas Eve, for lunch and a matinee. She urged Isabel to join them for the lunch and show, or at least join Charles and Dorothy to make the 5:35 pm train to Rye. Everyone was headed, ultimately, for a Christmas Eve party at the Putnams.

Isabel was a fascinating, adventuring young woman in the early 1920s, at the beginning of her thirties. And she was single. Hints in things she wrote later suggest tries at romance, but perhaps her exotic life as a scientific expedition artist, and perhaps also her temperament, left her unattached.

But Dorothy was inspired to match her great friend Isabel with her husband’s friend Charles Mahaffie. It’s hard to imagine why. Perhaps Dorothy fixed on the idea that opposites attract.

DBP to IC re CDM
Dorothy Putnam’s invitation to Isabel Cooper. A Red India ink outline was Isabel’s habitual way to highlight the signficant in old papers

Dorothy Binney Putnam was a daughter of Edwin Binney, who founded and co-owned Binney & Smith, Inc., the maker of Crayola crayons. She was married to George Palmer Putnam, a grandson of the founder of Putnam & Sons, the publishers. A few years later, George would drift to a new interest, Amelia Earhart, who fascinated him as a project–a woman aviator he could use to drive book sales–and as a lover. And Dorothy had her own affairs.

For at least a few years, Isabel and Dorothy were best friends. In 1925, Isabel wrote Charles from the Canal Zone, where she and Dorothy were together, “It is so nice to see her. I can’t get along without her for long, and her intelligence and lovableness and her knack of telling things so your diaphragm aches for hours with laughing.i

She said also, “Dorothy stands as a most excellent example of the sort of equable and valuable person I would like to be.”

Charles was forty, an established bachelor who lived with other unattached men in the University Club in downtown Washington, DC. He was a hard-working, Oklahoma-farm-raised Rhodes Scholar. A gruff government lawyer, working in the Federal Government’s Interstate Commerce Commission on the then-vital matters of railroad regulation.

The Putnams knew Charles from the 1910s in Portland, when George and Charles had both been connected to city politics and business affairs in the 1910s. But the Putnams had moved east for George to work in the family publishing business. They came to know Isabel from New York Society. Isabel and Charles were, separately, recurring visitors at the Putnam’s estate at Rye, New York.

George and Dorothy supposed that this mis-matched pair would take to each other. They arranged a Christmas holiday at Rye and invited Isabel and Charles.

So two people, world’s apart in temperament, background, and experience, got on a train for Rye on Tuesday, December 23, 1924.

Fifty or more years later, Isabel told me how she and Charles met before they were supposed to, on the train to Rye, so perhaps Dorothy didn’t take the same train after all. The two hit it off and realized they were the pair intended to meet at the Putnams. They got a laugh out George and Dorothy when they showed up at Rye, already acquainted. George, Isabel told me, remarked that since they’d already met, there was really no reason to go through with the festivities. But they spent at least a few days together as guests of the Putnams. And Dorothy’s matchmaking proved spot on.

“You do explode some grenades, you know”

ICM and CDM in Oct 1928
Isabel and Charles Mahaffie, 1928

Charles wrote Isabel when their acquaintance was only a few weeks old, “It was nice of you to come by yesterday. I’m glad to have had another chance to see you, even it it was for only a few minutes. You see, I’ve seldom seen anyone half so direct, downright, and stimulating a you, and I’ve liked having you wake me up a bit. You do explode some grenades, you know. Which comes, I suppose, from using an active brain as it was meant to be used. Altogether you are a most delightful person, and while Dorothy did not tie it up with nice Santa seals her introduction on December 24 was the nicest Christmas present I’ve had.ii

Charles and Isabel were married in August 1928. Isabel moved with Charles into an apartment in Washington and began a life very different from what she lived. She became a housewife and mother, though never typical at either. She continued her painting, soon forgoing paid work for doing art that pleased her. Her years of exploring the tropics were over.

___________________

i Letter, IC to CDM, from the Canal Zone, March 27, 1925.

ii Letter, CDM to IC, January 8, 1925.

“Dad, can I get a monkey?”

This entry is post 15 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

“Dad, can I get a monkey?”
“Why not?”
“Monkeys are awesome!”
“It could be my service animal”

Versions of this echo in homes everywhere. And Dad or Mom keeps saying no.

But in our house, there was a hitch. On our living room wall are watercolor portraits of two monkeys done by Isabel Cooper, my grandmother, both from her visits as a scientific artist to British Guiana. One is a marmoset, named Sadie Volvisch, painted in 1921. The other is a spider Monkey, named Mishkin, painted in 1922. Russia, or maybe immigrant New York City, was the go to place for pet monkey names for the New York Zoological Society’s Department of Tropical Research staff.

Mishkin, by Isabel Cooper

Sadie Volvisch, by Isabel Cooper

My son didn’t just ask for a monkey once, it became a refrain. At some point he started, when he said it, to glance over at the pictures. And in a moment of failed parenting, I mentioned, “your great grandmother had monkeys, those are some of them.”

Sinbad, by Isabel Cooper
Sinbad, by Isabel Cooper

Monkeys entertained Isabel and her colleagues in the jungle camps of the New York Zoological Society’s Department of Tropical Research, and on the ships they sailed on. One, Sinbad (sometimes spelled Sindbad), was especially a star.  He was a black spider monkey, acquired in Panama by the 1923 Harrison Williams Expedition to the Galapagos. William Beebe bought Sinbad in the streets of Panama, where he had found the monkey being mistreated by locals. Sinbad proved to be affectionate, smart, inquisitive, and fun-loving. He was the first monkey that she ever knew that laughed, wrote the expedition historian Ruth Rose.i

William Beebe also bought Chiriqui, a cebus or capuchin monkey–the type used by organ grinders, when the 1925 Arcturus expedition visited Panama on its exploration of the Galapagos.

And it turns out that Isabel kept a monkey, a red spider monkey, possibly Mishkin, pictured above, in her New York City apartment. This was likely when she lived at 136 West 65th Street, now the site of Lincoln Center.

Isabel Cooper with Sinbad
Isabel Cooper with Sinbad

But her spider monkey proved a bad fit as a house pet. Before long, Isabel’s apartment house neighbors complained about the “fog horn” they were hearing. It was the monkey, and it was late at night. She had to evict him to go live at the Bronx Zoo. I like imagining Isabel stepping out on Columbus Avenue and hailing a cab, the monkey at her shoulder.

I’ve tried to be clear on this last point my son, but I don’t think he’s convinced a monkey can’t be a good pet. His great grandmother had monkeys, and besides, monkeys are awesome!

__________________

i Ruth Rose, quoting a book by William Beebe, Bulletin of the New York Zoological Society, Vol. 27, No. 1, January 1924.

It pays to go to parties

This entry is post 14 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

In the mid-late-1910s, Isabel Cooper was living in Greenwich Village and working at artistic odd jobs, looking for something different.i [For that part of her story, see: “Resisting the homely snout of commercialism“]

Chance led her to find her way to entirely new experiences. And her story carries a lesson: you don’t know whom you’ll meet who might deliver you opportunity, adventure, or love. People Isabel met socially and through her work led her to all of those. It pays, it seems, to go to parties.

IC with Ruth Rose British Guiana about 1922
Isabel Cooper (r) with Ruth Rose in British Guiana about 1922

Isabel Cooper (r) with Ruth Rose in British Guiana, about 1922

Isabel was an artist, raised well-off and well-educated by Victorian aunts on the Upper West Side of New York City. At 21, she set off to make her own way, and worked in different design and art jobs in the city. But by 25 she was living for months at a time in jungle camps, painting reptiles for the naturalist William Beebe’s scientific expeditions.

How did this happen? Isabel recalled “an odd assortment of men and women to be instruments of fate” in her memior she wrote when she was in her 80s. William Beebe is part of that chain of seven who led her to meet her future husband, Charles Mahaffie on Christmas Eve, 1924.

The memoir gives thumbnails about of these drivers of fate, but she does not name them. Here is the sequence. Some we can identify, and their names are here:

  1. “A quaint little painter…who couldn’t paint” — likely Alon Bement, who taught at Columbia and led summer art institutes at Old Lyme, Connecticut. He also taught Georgia O’Keeffe.
  2. “A flighty young woman with one blue and one brown eye,” whom she met in the summer art class.
  3. “A visionary–a philosopher way ahead of her time, incomprehensible, whom I came to appreciate and understand as the years went on.”
  4. A man “notable for one thing,” he introduced her to:
  5. “A debonair character who seemed to have no special occupation or means of support
  6. “A famous biologist, part scientist and park faker…” “Faker” is a strong word, but William Beebe was more adventurer than credentialed scientist.
  7. Dorothy B. Putnam, “a festive lady who loved people, giving parties, and matchmaking.” Dorothy and her husband George P. Putnam introduced Isabel to Charles Mahaffie, who became her husband.
William Beebe
William Beebe in 1925

But first, Isabel had nine years of adventures in the tropics, living a life nearly unique for her times, let alone for young, single woman. Isabel met Beebe just as he was mounting the first his Department of Tropical Research scientific expeditions. Experienced with nature exploration, he knew the value of a gifted artist to his work.

Isabel knew of Beebe’s incredible knowledge of nature and was fascinated with his globe-spanning exploration. And “he was an enthusiast, and he cared nothing about money,”ii  So he could help her move her are clear of excess commercialism.

Isabel had told an American Magazine interviewer, “You must be enthusiastic,” she says; “it’s the enthusiasts who do things.”iii She saw that in Beebe, and surely he saw it in her.

Having met him, “one word led to another,” and Beebe hired Isabel to bring her skills along on his 1917 expedition to British Guiana. She ultimately traveled as scientific artist with Beebe on nine expeditions, including seven to British Guiana and two to the Galapagos. The adventures she had colored her interests and her art from then forward.

____________________

i John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

ii John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

iii John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

Isabel Cooper and Greenwich Village

This entry is post 13 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

Greenwich Village in New York City was where you went in the 1910s if you were eccentric, gay, radical, or artistic. Pioneering activists, artists, and writers began settling there in the early 1910s. They set a tone for free-thinking and free-living that, along with cheap housing and cheap restaurants, and good light for art studios, seeded the quickening growth of a creative community. And the magnetic pull drew Isabel early in the emergence of America’s Bohemia. She began to work in Washington Square, and live nearby by about 1912.i

The Village offered a counterbalance to the more proper, staid uptown neighborhoods, and its residents thought of it that way, as is clear from John Reed’s poem, “A Day in Bohemia.”

Yet we are free who live in Washington Square,
We dare to think as uptown wouldn’t dare,
Blazing our nights with arguments uproarious;
What care we for a dull old world censorious,
When each is sure he’ll fashion something glorious?
Blessed are thou, Anarchic Liberty
Who asketh nought but joy of such as we!
–Excerpt from “The Day in Bohemia,” 1912, John Reed, journalist, poet, communist

The Village drew mostly unmarried men and women for the chance to live “unencumbered by family obligations.ii” It’s easy to think of Isabel seeking to be so unencumbered; to at once free her self to do the creative work she loved and to find the freedom that only some young women were exercising in the early part of the 20th century.

The people of the Village came to be called “Bohemians.” The word means someone with unconventional social habits and lifestyle. But Isabel used to say that a bohemian is a person with an art studio who doesn’t really do art.

The Benedict Studios, Washington Square, where Isabel Cooper worked in the 1910s
The Benedict Studios, Washington Square, where Isabel Cooper worked in the 1910s

In this rich mix of eccentricity and creativity, she found work in an interior decoration shop in Washington Square, and lived nearby.iii The community brought her plenty of chances to try her hand at art and design. She continued to live and work there into the early 1920s.

Isabel had moved far from the staid Victorian parlor of her aunts’ home to be a part of the raucous scene of Village tea rooms or all-night parties of artists, winding down only as the sun came up. Aunt Mary and Aunt Harriet must have grimaced at the thought of what their niece had become.

Isabel came to know other Greenwich Village artists and writers including the radical journalist John Reed, who was buried in the Kremlin, a reward for his coverage of the Bolshevik Revolution, and Sinclair Lewis, who based at least one character on aspects of Isabel.

Along the way, her social circles led her, by 1916 or 1917, to meet William Beebe, the naturalist-explorer, who liked parties, especially dances, and was well connected in the Village. And he opened a new stage for her adventurous life.

_______________________

i In her scrapbook, Isabel noted, on a picture, a Washington Square studio she said a Dorothy Randolph “bequeathed” her in 1912.

ii George Chauncey, Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World 1890-1940, Basic Books, 1995.

iii John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

Resisting the homely snout of commercialism

This entry is post 12 of 21 in the ongoing series Isabel Cooper

In the 1910s there was no training for scientific illustrators in New York, and Isabel Cooper didn’t know she was destined to do that kind of work. She loved art, and wanted to be an artist. Newly independent, she saw that she needed work that would satisfy her but also pay her a living.

Isabel Cooper at 25
Isabel Cooper at 25

Isabel had done a freshman year, 1909-1910, at Bryn Mawr College. By her account she was a lackadaisical student.i Those who knew her later saw a wide-ranging and powerful mind that could have taken her deep into almost any kind of scholarship. But art drew her most.

After freshman year, she returned to New York. She enrolled in Fine Arts at Columbia Teachers College, and began studies at the Art Students’ League, then and still an independent art school in Manhattan. And she found a mentor, taking summer classes with the painter Alon Bement at Lyme Connecticut.

In her training, she tracked close to the path of Georgia O’Keeffe, who also studied at Columbia, at the Art Students League, and with Alon Bement, all at about the same time.

Isabel gravitated toward design classes, and began to work in interior design, perhaps as a surer way to make a living. Paid and unpaid, she tried: drawing from life, rug and tapestry design, clay sculpture, pottery, metalwork, interior decoration, and stage costuming.ii  It is unfortunate we don’t have any examples of Isabel’s craft or design work from this time. Somewhere rugs she designed may still survive.

Isabel was good at interior design. It’s likely she worked in the early 1910s for Anton Hellmann, who had a interior decoration practice and school at the Benedict Studios on Washington Square.iii

But she found interior decorating too commercially demanding.iv Then she tried costume design. She was good at that too, and creating distinct costumes and stage hangings, each time something unique, satisfied her. But then a theater manager, liking a particular costume she had done, demanded fifty more just like it. As she must have conveyed carefully to her interviewer, “commercialism continued to poke its homely snout into her artwork.v

Something was still not right. She was built for novelty and adventure, not commercial toil. In fact, later in her life, after she was married and didn’t need to support herself, she resisted selling paintings. In gallery shows, she’d price her work high to ward off buyers. Only a few paintings got away from her in shows, and she tried more than once to buy paintings back.

Once launched in her career as a scientific artist in 1917, Isabel looked back at these years as “going bleakly about my various occupations, such as assisting at the legerdemain of interior decorators, or degrading oriental perfections to terms of modern rug factory…vi” She was ready for something more interesting.

__________________________

i Letter, Isabel Cooper to Charles D. Mahaffie, October 17, 1926.

ii John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

iii The Upholsterer, June 1916, Vol. 55, p. 83.

iv John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

v John Monk Saunders, “Jungle Creatures ‘Sit’ for Her in Their Own Back Yards,” American Magazine, February 1926, Vol. 101, p. 26.

vi “Alumnae Activities,” Bryn Mawr Alumnae Bulletin, 1924.

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